The “Technical and Economic Assessment of Environmental Mitigation Measures for Selected Sources of Pollution Dnieper River Basin” was prepared by UNIDO’s Dnieper River Basin Project Team comprising International Experts of SNC-Lavalin Engineers & Constructors (SLE&C) and National Experts from each riparian nation (Belarus, Russia and Ukraine). Four facilities which are significant sources of pollution in the basin were selected for this assessment. They represented both municipal (wastewater treatment plants) and industrial sectors (petroleum refinery and an aluminium smelter). The work reported herein relies on the findings of the previous project, known as Identification and Analysis of Sources of Pollution (Hot Spots) in the Dnieper River Basin Strategic Action Plan (SAP), which had the following sequential objectives - providing a methodology for the identification and prioritization of the most significant sources of pollution based on their impacts and characteristics; - identifying mitigations measures for a short list of the most significant sources of pollution (approximately 20 Hot Spots); - preparing an economic and technical assessment report on the mitigation measures; - summarizing the project in National and Regional Action Plans. The original project relied on information provided by government agencies and their related institutes. National Experts were selected from these organizations to implement the methodology developed based on information they had available. Based on the impacts identified from regulatory records, mitigation measures are intended to be proposed under the original project. The work described herein is based on the findings of this project, but takes the evaluation further, by focussing on a more narrow scope (four facilities) with a greater level of detail. The information used in the assessment came from the original sources but also from the subject enterprises themselves, including information gathered during the site reconnaissance phase of the program. Based on the information obtained at the enterprises under assessment, the mitigation measures originally reported in the National Pollution Reports were re-evaluated and updated accordingly. The updated mitigation measures were subject to a preliminary technical and economic assessment.