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Legal Regulation of Gene-Engineering Activities
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2.3.7. Legal Regulation of Gene-Engineering Activities
In the Russian Federation, the Law “On State Regulation of Gene-Engineering Activities” has been adopted. The development of biotechnologies, including gene-engineering, or creating new forms of organisms by changing their genetic system with the aim of obtaining useful and highly efficient organisms, is accompanied with a growing risk of producing uncontrollable organisms with unpredictable characteristics and, consequently, is posing a threat to biodiversity. The Law mentioned above regulates relations in the sphere of the use of natural resources, environmental protection and ensuring environmental security that arise in connection with gene-engineering activities (Article 1). Among the main areas of state regulation are: a) improvement of living conditions of human beings and human healthcare; b) environmental protection and rehabilitation, conservation of biological diversity (Article 5). According to the Law, in conducting gene-engineering activities the biological and physical protection of natural environment should be guaranteed (Article 7). In the Republic of Belarus and Ukraine, there is no legislative framework regulating this kind of relations. At the same time, a draft law was developed in Belarus that regulates relations connected with the use of genetically modified organisms.
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