Project 2. Hot Spot – State Unitary Enterprise “Inter-District Engineering Services, City of Briansk”

10.3. Project 2.  Hot Spot – State Unitary Enterprise “Inter-District Engineering Services, City of Briansk”

10.3.1. Description of Facility

Characteristics of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Facilities

These facilities are the complete separate sewage system for the city.  The municipal sewerage system delivers sanitary wastewater from the population to the municipal wastewater treatment facilities, as well as the industrial effluents, which underfo pre-treatment, if required.

Wastewater from the four rayons of the city is delivered to the municipal wastewater treatment facilities using sewage pumping stations (41 units), as well as a gravity system of sanitary collectors and automatic flow tanks (450.35 km).  The design capacity of the municipal wastewater treatment facilities is 58400 thousand m³/year.

In fact the wastewater treatment facilities receive 63875 thousand m³ wastewater per year.  The wastewater treatment facilities consist of an engineering complex that provides complete biological purification.  After biological purification, the treated wastewater is discharged to the Desna River.

The operational wastewater treatment facilities of Cycles I and II include the following buildings and installations:

- Screen facilities;

- Grit chambers;

- Block of reservoirs consisting of pre-aerators, primary clarifiers, final horizontal settling tanks, aaeration tanks and contact reservoirs;

- Chlorination plant;

- Anaerobic digester;

- Concentration tank;

- Sand bunker;

- Sludge reservoirs;

- Sludge sheets;

- Pump-blowing house;

- Administrative block.

Construction of wastewater treatment facilities took place simultaneously with the development of the town in three stages:

- Stage I  - the capacity is 80 thousand m³/day, it was put into operation in 1969;

- Stage II - the capacity is 80 thousand m³/day, it was put into operation in 1982;

- Stage III – the construction was suspended in 1996 because of the shortage of financing.

As a result of the gap of the development of sewerage system of the town of Briansk as against the construction of housing estate the efficiency of functioning of wastewater treatment facilities turned out insufficient.  As a result of non-uniform entry of wastewater to the I and the II cycles wastewater treatment facilities work inefficiently.  It is necessary without delay to construct the chamber of redistribution of wastewater between the first and the second stages.

10.3.2. Mitigation Measures

In view of the stoppage of construction the third cycle it was decided to realize “urgent measures”, which enable to increase the capacity of wastewater treatment facilities for 21600 thousand m³/year with lower costs to be followed by the overhaul of the first stage.  In this case the issue of discharge of 43200 m³ of crude polluted wastewater per year to the Bolva River is left without solution).  In order to ensure treatment of this wastewater it is necessary to complete the already started construction of sewerage pumping station of the capacity of 60480 m³/year and 5 km discharge manifold.

The following important units of sewerage system are scheduled to be constructed in order to develop the sewerage system of the town of Briansk in line with current state in town-planning and achieve enhancement of local environment:

1. Reconstruction and expanding of wastewater treatment facilities of the capacity of 21600 thousand m³/year);

2. Block of afterpurification of sewage water at wastewater treatment facilities of the town of Briansk (the capacity is 86400 thousand m³/year);

3. Sewerage pumping station and manifold at Mayakovskogo Street (5904 m³/year, L = 5.0 km, D = 400 mm);

4. Manifold at Lomonosova Street (L = 4.0 km; D = 800 mm).

The list of the facilities and their estimated cost are given in Table 10.3.

10.3.3. Investment Requirement

Construction of particularly important units of Briansk sewerage system, which are scheduled to put into operation in the nearest five years will require 132475 thousand roubles.

10.3.4. Feasibility Analysis

Calculation of cost efficiency of realization of mitigation measures at Inter-district engineering services (IES), town of Briansk.

The input data on wastewater collection for 2001, Briansk IES.

Total cost of sewer system                                        thousand roubles 66059.0

Transit cost of 1 m³ of wastewater liquid                     roubles         1.24

Accrued revenue before tax                                        thousand roubles  57940

Tax on effluent discharge                                           thousand roubles  618.4

Fee for discharge of contaminated substances             thousand roubles  13171.0

Required investments in upgrade of operating capacity        thousand roubles  132475

Calculation of cost of averted damage

Calculation of mono-pollutant (М).

М = _i  * V_i = 4603 c. t (see calculation Tables 10.7)

M_a per year = 920.6 t

Table 10.6 :  List of Particularly Important Units of Briansk Sewerage System Scheduled to put into Operation in the Nearest Future to Improve the Environmental Situation

D_a = 8400 * 1.8 * 920.6 = 13919 thousand roubles

Cessation of the discharge to the Bolva River of 43800 m³ per year of untreated wastewater will allow the prevention of damage equivalent to 39680 thousand roubles.

Taking into account the lost financial benefit, the amount of the damage averted is 15311 thousand roubles.

Calculation of the reduced costs

DC_r = Т_c + 0.12 К,

e = 0.12;  K = 132475

Taking into account that upgrading of treatment facilities does not have any significant effect on the operational costs, they can be currently disregarded.  Then, DC_r = 132475 * 0.12 = 15897 thousand roubles

Net economic effect

DU = E_e - DC = 15311 - 15897 = - 586 thousand roubles

That is, the costs are literally not compensated by results obtained.  It should be borne in mind, however, that reconstruction creates conditions to de-freeze construction of stage three treatment facilities and to include into circulation the funds that were frozen in this facility in 1996.

Table 10.7 : Reduction in Total Mass of Mono-Pollutant to be Achieved in Pollution with Wastewater from Treatment Facilities of City of Briansk within Five Years

Construction of the stage three treatment facilities allows stop discharge of untreated wastewater into the river completely.  In calculation by mono-pollutant, the average volume of reduced polluting ingredients is about 3500 conventional tonnes per year.

The calculation table is presented in Annex 3.2.2.

M = 3500

D_a = 8400 * 1.8 * 3500 = 52920 thousand roubles

Taking into account the profit lost, the annual economic result E_e is

E_e = 52920 + 5292 = 58210

The net annualized economic effect DU of water protective measures is calculated as difference between the annual economic effect of water protective measures E_e and reduced costs DC.

DU = E_e - DC

According to the vodokanal and taking into account the commissioned stage three of the treatment facilities, the increase in the operational costs is about three thousand roubles.

DC =  0.12 * 290 000 + 3 000 = 34 800 + 3 000 = 37 800.

DU = 58 210 – 37 800 = 20410

Table 10.8. presents the data on discharge of pollutants, damage caused and investments to avert the damage.

Payback period (T) for investments into the water-protective measures is calculated by formula

T = K / DU = 290 000/ 20 410 = 14.5

T = slightly over 14 years, which indicates that in general the project is profitable.

(Effective payback of investments into wastewater treatment facilities makes up 14 and less years.)

The major effect is achieved due to discontinuance of crude effluent discharge to the Bolva River.

Table 10.8 : Discharged pollutants, caused damage and investments by calculation years

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