Structure of GIS of Surface Water Quality Management in the Dnipro Basin on the Belarusian Territory

4. STRUCTURE OF GIS OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN THE DNIPRO BASIN ON THE BELARUSIAN TERRITORY.

WatGIS was developed on the basis of an approach that combines database management systems and electronic maps of a modeling object, i.e. integrated method. In this case, electronic maps with thematic layers were embedded in a conventional database management system. This approach ensures compatibility with the existing databases and simplifies their operation because it preserves the GIS interface, which is already customary for users.

The database created as a part of this project was integrated with the existing databases and applications, which were developed in CRIIWU earlier. These include:

-  basic GIS for Belarus (basic layers (hydrography, administrative-economic division, topography, industrial facilities, etc.);

-  automated informational system “Hydrochemistry”;

-  automated informational system “Statistical reporting of water users 2OS-Water”;

-  mathematic models of transportation of breakdown pollutant discharges in the Dnipro Basin PERENOS.

GIS of surface water quality management in the Dnipro Basin on the Belarusian territory (WatGIS) consists of [1] database files of quantitative and qualitative indices for monitoring stations of the National Surface Water Monitoring System (NSWMS), [2] data files of qualitative indices for the monitoring stations located at the points of wastewater discharge, geographic shape-files of cartographic information about the Dnipro Basin in the appropriate for publishing format, and [3] applications including a database management program that maintains user interface, and program modules that operate the map and database, ensure input and correction of the initial data and represent the results of user queries in tabular and graphic formats (graphs, thematic maps, etc.).

The structure of GIS of surface water quality management in the Dnipro Basin on the Belarusian territory is show in the fig.8.

The initial information has been imparted a structure in WatGIS; the form, formats and number of database tables have been identified. The database of GIS of surface water quality management in the Dnipro Basin is created on the basis of the following files containing tabular data:

-  Fragment.dbf – general data on sub-basins of the Dnipro River;

-  Chem_gm.dbf – list of parameters included in WatGIS (the list consists of 56 titles), MACs of various pollutants, etc.;

-  IZV_class.dbf – WPI classification;

-  Shape-files of cartographic information for the Dnipro Basin;

-  Gidro.dbf – measured index values for the monitoring stations of the hydrometeorology department;

-  Gidro_vv.dbf – measured index values for the monitoring stations of the Environmental Ministry located at the points of waste water discharges of industrial enterprises;

The Structure of the files of WatGIS database is represented in tables 6-8.

Table 6.  The structure of Gidro.dbf and Gidro_VV.dbf files with the initial data according to the hydro-chemical and hydrological indices.

Table 7. The structure of Water_n2.dbf and Water_vv.dbf files containing descriptions of water quality monitoring stations.

Table 8. The Structure of Chem_gm.dbf file containing the list of hydro-chemical indices

Preparation of initial data

As a part of this project, the initial information has been fed into the database. To ensure the operation of the major part of WatGIS, the database is fed with hydro-chemical data of the monitoring stations of hydrometeorology department from 1989 to 2002 and of the monitoring stations at the points of wastewater discharges of industrial enterprises located in the Dnipro Basin on the Belarusian territory from 1998 to 2001. Datasets were preliminary arranged in Excel-2000, then exported to the DBF format.

Verification of initial data

Surface water quality data were verified with the following methods:

-  software-intensive method; each water quality parameter form the database was verified whether it lied within the range of expert estimates (Min, Max);

-  by means of visual comparison of the published data with the data generated by WatGIS, in the first turn those that are used to calculate WPI;

-  analysis of significant deviations at the data graphs generated by WatGIS (fig.18).

A database management program was developed with the help of Visual FoxPro, and ArcView 3.3 and MapInfor 5.0 scripts. Its basic functions and user queries are shown in fig.9. Program modules generating standard user queries and required samplings of hydro-chemical data were developed and tested.

The 1: 500000 map of the Dnipro Basin can be accessed and operated in ArcView 3.3 and MapInfo 5.0 with the appropriate subsidiary program modules (scripts).

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